Geography: Bihar is a state gifted with wide-ranging, fertile agricultural land and rich mineral deposits. The topography of the land can be easily separated into two halves One is the fertile alluvial plain occupying the northern side of the land. It is referred to as the Gangetic Valley. Second is the Chhotanagpur plateau, which is located in the southern part of the state. It absorbs roughly 1/3rd of the south, extending up to the southern border with Orissa.